Burner for liquid fuel.



J. C. SIMMONS.

BURNER FOR LIQUID FUEL.

APPLICATION FILED 1111.24, 1913.

Patented Mar.24,191

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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J. G. SIMMONS.

BURNER POR LIQUID FUEL.

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@Hoz New6;

l mu-nto@ To all whom 'it may concern.'

- JESSE c. SIMMONS, QF'SBELJYLIIICHIGAN.

BURNER Fon LIQUID Ivm..

Specication f Letters 'atent.

Application led February 24, 1913.- Serial No. 750,276.

y Be it known that I, JESSE C. SIMMONS, a citizen of the United States, residing atv Shelby, Michigan, have invented certain new \and useful Improvements in Burners for f' Liquid F uel,rof which the following is a Specification.

This ,invention relates to im rov'ements in burners for burning hydrocar on fuel, such as kerosene, crude oil, or the like, the same being especially well ladapted to theburning of kerosene. rIhe objects of theinvention are: First, to provide an eiicient burner of large capacity.4 Second, to provide in conjunction with such a burner, an improved generator, which will not be-liable to clog and which .will effectively deliver gas to the burner. Third, to provide in a generator and burner of this kind an efficient device for avoiding the waste and for. insuring control of the delivery of the liquid fuel thereto. Fourth, to provide in conjunction' with such a burner, an improved pilot arrangement.

Further objects, and objects .relating to details and to economies of construction and operation will definitel detailed description Ato ollow.

I accomplish the objects of my invention by the devices and means described in the following specification.

The invention is clearly described and pointed out in the claims. l

A structure constituting a referred em-I bodiment of my invention isclearly illustrated in theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this\spec1fication, in which:

Figure I' is a plan view of a burner embodylng my improveinen'ts, a part of the delivery pipe being broken away; Fig. `II is. a detail sectional elevation view taken on the irregular line 2i-2 of Fig. I, showing the disposition of the various burner arts, and the arrangement of the pilot and t e generator and feed pipe. Fig. III is an enlarged detail plan view of the feedypipe delivering tothe generator, and adjacent vparts, the same being enlarged from the left hand portion of Fig. I. Fig. IV is an enlarged detail sectional elevation view, portions being shown in full lines, taken on aline corresponding to line if-e of Fig. I and Fig. III. Fig. V is an enlarged detail elevation view, taken on a line corresponding to line 5 5 of Figs. 'I and VI showing details appear from Athe "'afnd arrangement of the generator, and-the window for inspection of the pilot and for introduction of .the starting torch. Fig. VI is an enlarged detail sectional elevationview taken on line 6 6 of Fig` I,showing details of the irregular gas passage from the generator Ato the burner nozzles and mixing tube of the main burner. and the valve to the pilot Patented Mal-224.1914.

burner. Fig. VII is an enlarged detail per- Spective view of the gas delivery pipe and mixing tube and pilot, as the same would appear when detached and removed from the other' assembled parts. Fig. VIII is an enlarged detail sectional elevation view, the

arts being shown in full lines, taken on a ine corresponding to line 8-8 of Figs. I and VI. Fig. IX is van enlarged detail cross section through the generator, taken on line 9 9 of Fig. VI. l

In the drawing, the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little ,ai-'rows at the ends of the 4Section lines, and

similar numerals of reference refer to similarparts throughout the several views.

' onsidering the numbered parts of t-he drawing, the mainburner case-1 is provided with a double bottom structure, the upper portion 2 of which is corrugated and slitted to form the burner head, as clearly appears 'in Figs. I and II. The generator 3 for-the main burner is a flat tube extendin above the burner head and is supplied w1th` fuel by the curved feed pipe 4, which ext-ends into the burner above the burner head to be heated, referably to about 200 Fahrenheit, so tlliat thefuel or oil will be thoroughly warmed before it is delivered into the generator-,thereby reducing the proportions of the generator. Y The heating tube 4 delivers' through the upwardly-projecting loop 5 downwardly to a T-connection 6, past the needle valve into the generator tube 3, as clearly appears in Figs. III and IV. The screw threaded needlel valve 7 is provided with a needle point 8 fitting into thevalve seat 8', and the valve is cont-rolled' by the little handle 9 projecting laterally from the same. A suitable-stuffing .box l() 1s provided, as also clearly appears` in Fig.l IV.

`The generator tube 3 is horizontal and preferably flat in cross section, as clearly appears in Figs.II, VIII and IX, the pilot dimensions, though'of similar cross section.

. The generator tube 3 delivers upwardly into and be delivered up evenly through all the slits of the burner.

I desire to remark that a burner with a single mixing tube is, of course,`entirely availablein this behalf, but the large size burner hereillustrated is the size usually made use of in a Stanley steamer automobile `and is best served by a pair of these mixing. tubes. For certain purposes, with a lower pressure, a greater number of tubes might be 'required The structure I here showfwill take care of the fuel delivered by eoy the generator under pressuresvarying from thirty-five to a hundred pounds. I mention this to show the large capacity and the variations that may .be `called for by different qualities of fuel. rIlhis shows completely the course ofthe fuel through the mainl burner and its enerator. It will be notedv that the fuel is elivered through the connection to the feed pipe 4, then passes up through the` loop 5, and owing to the factthat this loop projects upwardly, the fuel will be trapped and retained in the heating tube, and will only be delivered into the generator as it is needed. andas-it can beeifectively and completely generated. So that there is no like- ,lihood of anything but pure gas passing from the generator, I form the passage from the generator up and then laterally and down to the nozzles which deliver to the `mixing tubes.

By makingl thegenerating tube flat and heating the same to a comparatively high temperature above thel burner, the fuel is at once distributed in a thin layer so that it is all completely evaporated and I have never found any deposit'of any kind in this generator after many months' of use. In

' order to make a burner of this kind effective, it must be provided with an effectivev pilot burner for controlling the same, and

enabling the temperature to be kept up. The small amount of fuel necessary to generate for the pilot is taken care of by a small flat generator tube 17 disposed directly beneat the main generator tube 3. This is supplied with fuel through the upwardly projecting coupling 17', which retains' the fuel and prevents its delivery except when needed in the generator, enabling the gas These nozzles 15--15 pressure to ret-ard the entrance of tbe fuel. This pilot generator has an upwardly extending deliveryl passage 18 delivering laterally at 19 and downwardly at 20 and through the lateral passage 21, and downwardlyiat 22 to the pilot burner valve, which is a valve casing 23 -having a screw threaded valve 24 witha needle point 25 for controlling the delivery of the .fuel into 'the mixing tube 26 leading into` the pilot burner 27,

. which is a rectangular tubular case suitably slitted at the top, the relatio'n of which clearly appears cuan-inspection of Figs. II, VI and VII.

Observation shows that a small pilot generator, such as here illustrated, will bev destroyed'by the intense heat unless protected. The main and pilot generator tubes must be intimately connected so that the pilot tube will be cooled from contact with the main generator tube, or destruction will occur, as above stated. This is effected by brazing the two' tubes integrallyof the same metal. y

A tubular enlargement 29 surrounds the valve casing 23 for thedeliveryof air to the pilot mixing tube 26. The outer casing 28 extends from this enlarged tube 29' and embraces the same, and a pivoted window' 30, with a mica pane 31', is supported on the 95 housing or casing 28 to permit inspection of the condition of thepilot and also to permit the introduction of the generator torch at this point. f s

From this description it will be observed that when`theburner is in commission, the pilot is always in operation and consequently any slight amount of fuel that passes through the .same will be generated and used up and it is not necessary to absolutely protect the pilot generator tube from the delivery of fuel when the burner is not in operation. The pilot generator, however, should prevent the possible delivery of any li uid fuel therefrom, and this is taken care o by the upwardly-extending passage 18. therefrom, as has been described.`

From the description of the parts above given, the operation of the structure will be very readily understood. In the burner as I have made use of it, the liquid fuel has been delivered under comparatively high pressure, varying from thirty-five to a hundred pounds by the usual pressure means supplied on an automobile, like the Stanley automobile, for instance, and the parts I have here shown are of the proportions of such parts, the main burner illustrated in Fig. I being eighteen inches in diameter. The pilot burner supply and the main burner supply are connected to the same pressure tank. The usual torch is introduced through the window 30, and the pilot is then started after the generation begins. This immediately heats up the main generator tube, and

after two or three minutes operation of the pilot the full burner is ready to start. The full burner, as soon as it is heated, works with full capacity and will generate steam in the usual automobile boiler in from three to five minutes, depending upon the adjustment of the burner.

By the arrangement of the burner, I avoid all accumulatlons ofcarbon, so -far as I have been able to detect the same, and have provided a burner in which it is unnecessary to lntroduce any special cleaning devices because for use with such hydrocarbon fuel, as kerosene, the operation of the burner isl so eiiicient that there'is no opportunity for accumulations of any lind whatsoever.

The substantiall horizontal flat pipe immediately causes t e distribution of the-liquid fuel and prevents its boiling in contact with the heated surfaces, which is the thing that induces the deposit of carbon and laccumulations which clog the burner. The fuel does not have time to rest in contact with the metal but immediately passes forward and 1s' completely vaporized in the. heated pipe without standin in contact with the metal of the pipe. T is is my understanding of the operation of the evice, and it certainly avoids any deposit ofcarbon, as I am aware from an extensive test of the burner undervsevere conditions.'

v My improved burner is here shown adapt- I ed to automobile use, and especially to anV automobile burner.

The invention is applicable to any kind or style of a tubular or flat topped burner, and I do not wish to be understood as restricting my broader claims to the particular form of burner which I have here illustrated, as

any form can be made use of in this behalf. A sawed burner, or a bored burner is equally available.

The particular arrangementof .the parts I have here shown is especially effective Vand I desire to claim the same specifically, as

well as broadly as indicated bythe appendedv claims.

- The loop for warming the fuel is of especial advantage, but I know from experience that it can be dispensed with.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new yand desire torsecure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a burner structure, the combination of a burner head fo-r delivering jets of Haine, a mixer tube means delivering into the said burner head, a horizontal generator tube disposed above the said burner head that is Hat in cross section presenting abroad horizontal surface for reception of the liquid fuel, a fuel delivery pipe connected to said generator, having a portion disposed in the heat zoneof the said burner for warming the liquid fuel and an upwardly looped portion before its connection tothe generator,

la' head with a passage extending upwardly i' and thence leading downwardly from said generator, a yburner nozzle at the end thereof .for the delivery of the generated gas to the mixer tube means leading into the said burner head, a pilot burner having a mixingA ,tube, a smaller fiat horizontal generator tube for the pilot burner disposed beneath the main generator and intimately connected thereto, an upwardly and thence downwardly extending passage from,` said pilot generator in said head, and suitable connections from said pilot generator extending above the ma'in burner head and thence downwardly to a point below `the level-of the pilot generator, all coacting l substan-l tially as described for the purpose specified.

`2. In a burner structure, the combinationof a burner head for delivering jets of flame,

a mixer tube means delivering into the said.

burner head, a horizont-al generator tube disposed above the said burner head that 'flat in cross section presenting a broad hori-l zontal surface for reception of the liquid fuel, a fuel delivery pipe connected to said generator having a portion disposed in the heat zone of the said burner for warming the .liquid fuel and an upwardly looped portion before its connection tothe generator, a

head with a passage extending upwardly andthence leading downwardly from said generator, and .a burner nozzle at the end thereof for the delivery of the generated gas to the,v mixer tube means leading into the said burner head, all coacting substantially as described for the purpose specified.

3. In a burner structure, the combination l of a burner head, a horizontal generator tube disposed above the said burner head that is flatin cross section presenting a broad horizontal surface for reception of the liquid fuel, a fuel delivery pipe connected to said generator having an upwardly looped portion before its connection to the generator, a` head with a passage extending upwardly -and thence leading downwardly from said generator, a burner nozzle at the of a burner head, a horizontal generator tube disposed above -fthe said burner head thatv is flattin cross section presenting a broad-horizontal surface for reception of the liquid fuel, a fuel delivery pipe connected to said generator having an upwardly looped portion before its connection to the generator, a head with a passage extending upwardly and thence leading downwardly from said generator, and a burner nozzle at the end thereof for the delivery of the generated gas to the burner head, all Coacting substantially as described for the purpose specified.

5. In a burner structure, the combination of a burner head, a horizont-al generator tube disposed above the said burner head that is flat in cross section presenting a broad horizontal surface for reception of the liquid fuel, a pilot burner, a smaller flat horizontal generator tube for the pilot burner disposed beneath the main generator and intimately connected thereto, an upwardly and thence downwardly extending passage from said pilot generator in said burner head, and suitable connections from said pilot generator extending above the main burner head Vand thence downwardly to a point below the level of the pilot generator, all coacting substaitially as described for the purpose specilie 6. In a burner structure, the combination with theburner head, of a straight horizontal generato-r tube disposed above'the burner head, flat in cross section, and with an upwardly extending delivery passage eXtending thence downwardly to the burner head, as specified.

. 7. In a burner structure, the combination with the burner head, of a horizontal generator tube, flat in cross section, disposed above the burner head, a pilot burner, and a fiat4 .inssn e. srMMoNs. [L sa Vitnesses LUELLA G. GREEN FIELD, PHINA- lVooDRUFF. 

